Solar PV electric
systems come in a few different styles. There are standalone or remote
systems as well as grid-tied versions. Each of these versions may
be available with or without a battery back-up. Here is a brief explanation
of these four basic combinations:
•Stand-Alone - Without a battery back-up, this solar PV electric
system can only use energy immediately. This means it cannot be used
at night or any other time when the sun is not out. Stand-alone systems
are great for remote locations. Oftentimes, they are used for such
applications as telecommunications and water pumping.
•Remote system with battery back-up – This system setup
is also ideal for remote locations. Because it has a battery back-up,
it can be used at night, as well. This is a popular type of solar
PV electric system for remote cabins, RVs, etc. Sometimes people who
expect an excessive need for stored energy will also opt to have a
generator on hand for additional back-up.
•Grid-tied - A basic grid-tied system uses solar energy as
it is created (i.e. when it is sunny.) At the times when sunlight
isn’t available it will rely on the power grid. With net metering
options, households can, in essence, turn back their meters with any
additional energy that they create.
•Grid-tied with battery back-up - Although tied to the electric
grid, the battery storage allows solar energy to be used at any time,
including the night. Additional energy may be sold back to the energy
company, or net metering may be an option (it depends on the particular
utility company.) This type of system will continue providing power,
even when the rest of the neighborhood is experiencing a black-out.
To set up a solar PV electric system, one can purchase a complete
system or all the individual parts. The parts that make up such a
system include PV arrays, controllers, inverters, and batteries. It
is wise to enlist the help of a professional to decide upon the ideal
system as well as to perform the installation.
Different locations and climates will allow for different amounts
of sunlight. In addition to this, different households will have different
energy needs. Keep this in mind when selecting solar PV electric equipment.